OCLC Archived PDF from the original on Retrieved Cave Minerals of the World Second ed. National Speleological Society. Handbook of Industrial Catalysts. New York: Springer. Scientific Reports. Bibcode : NatSR.. PMC E Photograph of core site 6D. F Log for core 6A with detrital-clay-coat coverage red circles and bioturbation index BI grayed area presented next to each schematic sedimentary log.
G Log for core 6B, including detrital-clay-coat coverage and bioturbation index. H Log of core 6C, including detrital-clay-coat coverage and bioturbation index.
I Log of core 6D including detrital-clay-coat coverage and bioturbation index. Refer to Table 2 for explanation of facies codes and Figure 2 for the classification of clay-coat coverage. Core locations and schematic sedimentary logs of low-amplitude dunes FA 5 that fine upward into bioturbated primarily Arenicola marina ; lugworms mixed-flat mud-draped current ripples Facies 4. A Map of site for cores 2A and 2B see Fig. B Photograph of core site 2A. C Photograph of core site 2B. D Map of site for cores 5A and 5B see Fig.
E Photograph of core site 5A. F Photograph of core site 5B. G Log for core 2A, with detrital-clay-coat coverage red circles and bioturbation index BI grayed area presented next to each schematic sedimentary log.
H Log for core 2B, including detrital-clay-coat coverage and bioturbation index. I Log of core 5A, including detrital-clay-coat coverage and bioturbation index. J Log of core 5B, including detrital-clay-coat coverage and bioturbation index. Note, that low-amplitude dunes and mixed-flat sediments overlay pyritized mud-flat sediments in the central basin.
Core locations and schematic sedimentary logs of river Esk detached tidal-bar sediments FA 5; core 4 and central-basin low-amplitude dunes FA 5; core 6E interbedded with bioturbated primarily Arenicola marina ; lugworms mixed-flat sediments Facies 4.
A Map of site for core 4 see Fig. B Map of site for core 6E see Fig. C Photograph of core site 4. D Photograph of core site 6E. E Log for core 4, with detrital-clay-coat coverage red circles and bioturbation index BI grayed area presented next to each schematic sedimentary log. F Log for core 6E, including detrital-clay-coat coverage and bioturbation index. Core locations and schematic sedimentary logs of tidal-inlet sediments FA 7: wave ripples, migratory 3D dunes, and upper-phase plane bed.
A Map of site for cores 7A to 7C see Fig. B Photograph of core site 7A. C Photograph of core site 7B. D Photograph of core site 7C. E Log for core, 7A with detrital-clay-coat coverage red circles and bioturbation index BI grayed area presented next to each schematic sedimentary log.
F Log for core 7B, including detrital-clay-coat coverage and bioturbation index. G Log of core 7C, including detrital-clay-coat coverage and bioturbation index.
Core locations and schematic sedimentary logs of foreshore FA 7 and coastal-spit deposits FA 8. Structureless upper-foreshore deposits cores 8A and 8B are separated by an approximately 1 m reduction in surface elevation break in slope; see Fig.
Coastal spits consist of well-vegetated aeolian dunes core 9; FA 8. A Map of site for cores 8A and 8D see Fig. B Photograph of core site 8A. C Photograph of core site 8B. D Photograph of core site 8C. E Photograph of core site 8D. F Map of site for core 9 see Fig. G Log for core 8A, with detrital-clay-coat coverage red circles and bioturbation index BI grayed area presented next to each schematic sedimentary log.
H Log for core 8B, including detrital-clay-coat coverage and bioturbation index. I Log of core 8C, including detrital-clay-coat coverage and bioturbation index. J Log of core 8D, including detrital-clay-coat coverage and bioturbation index.
K Photograph of core site 9. L Log of core 9, including detrital-clay-coat and bioturbation index. Facies type and abundance in each core. Refer to Table 2 for explanation of facies codes. Clay-coat composition and pyrite and diatom presence in mixed-flat near-surface sediment.
B Backscattered electron BSEM analysis showing the presence and type of pyrite highlighted by black arrows typically hosted in detrital clay coats. C Environmental scanning electron microscope ESEM image of hydrated near-surface sediment possibly being bound by extracellular polymeric substances secreted during diatom locomotion possible mechanism for clay-coat development. D Secondary electron SE image of dried sediment containing a diatom highlighted by white arrows.
Refer to Table 2 for explanation of lithofacies codes. Clay-coat class 1—5 abundance in each lithofacies. Clay-coat classes are defined as follows, after Wooldridge et al. Relative clay-mineral abundance illite, chlorite, kaolinite as a function of facies association FA.
Relative clay-mineral abundance as a function of lithofacies. A Chlorite index, B kaolinite index, C illite index, and D smectite index. Variation in illite chemistry, illite crystallinity, and pyrite abundance as a function of lithofacies.
A Esquevin index, B illite crystallinity, and C pyrite abundance. Relative clay-mineral abundance as a function of geographic core position core ID. Variation in illite chemistry, illite crystallinity, and pyrite abundance as a function of geographic core position core ID.
Relationship between bioturbation index, after Taylor and Goldring , and relative clay-mineral abundance. A Chlorite index, B kaolinite index, and C illite index. Spearman's correlation coefficients r between bioturbation index and clay mineral indices are presented, including the level of significance p. Relative abundance of chlorite, illite, kaolinite, and smectite for specific grain-size separate, derived from a single, disaggregated whole sediment sample from the surface of the central basin Saltcoats.
The schematic stratigraphic cross-section was modified from Dalrymple et al. Bioturbation-index classification scheme, after Taylor and Goldring Diagnostic features dominant texture, sedimentary structures, and ichnofabrics of facies associations FA and lithofacies LF; facies differentiated by diagnostic lithological features, such as texture and sedimentary structures encountered in a wide range of depositional environments in the Ravenglass Estuary.
See Figure 4 to view the surface expression and distribution for each FA. Average clay fraction, clay mineral, Esquevin index, illite crystallinity and pyrite abundance in each lithofacies standard deviation shown in brackets , as well as the weighted average W.
Post-hoc Dunn test results following a Kruskal-Wallis H test reveal between which lithofacies there is a statistical difference in detrital-clay-coat coverage. Paired lithofacies which have a statistically significant difference in detrital-clay-coat coverage have significant values z values highlighted in bold. In contrast, pale numbers represent insignificant differences in clay-coat coverage between compared lithofacies.
Correlation Spearman's and Pearson's correlation coefficients between clay-mineral indices, pyrite abundance, clay-content and clay-coat coverage as a function of depth per core.
Bold numbers represent significant correlation coefficients, whereas pale numbers represent insignificant differences, in clay-mineral attributes and pyrite with depth.
Post-hoc Tukey HSD test results following an ANOVA test revealing between which lithofacies there is a statistical difference in chlorite, illite, kaolinite, and smectite abundance. Significant values z values are highlighted in bold. Bold numbers represent significant differences; pale numbers represent insignificant differences, in clay-mineral indices between compared depositional environments.
Sign In or Create an Account. User Tools. Sign In. Advanced Search. Skip Nav Destination Article Navigation. Research Article October 23, Google Scholar. Richard H. Worden ; Richard H. Luke J. Wooldridge ; Luke J. James E. Utley ; James E. Robert A. Duller Robert A. Journal of Sedimentary Research 88 10 : — Article history first online:. View large Download slide.
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